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Elections

Surprises often come in boxes, such as birthday presents wrapped in colorful paper, brown paper packages mailed from a friend. No matter what kind of box it is, people like to open it up and see what's inside. In America, and in many other countries, one special kind of box contains the future. It's called a ballot box. What people put into the box on Election Day can change the course of history.

Elections are the lifeblood of a democracy. The word democracy literally means“the people rule”.    26    In the mid-1700s, England began passing laws that made the American colonies angry. The colonists had to pay more and more taxes and enjoyed less and less freedom.    27     On July 4, 1776, the colonies declared their independence from England. They wanted to establish a democracy where people could have a voice in government.

An effective democracy holds regular elections.___28____ In these elections, all seats in the House of Representatives and one third of the Senate seats are up for grabs. In addition, every four years, voters go to the polls to elect the nation's president and vice-president. Voters also regularly cast their ballots for state and city government leaders and local school board members. Sometimes they also have to vote on a proposed law.

In the American electoral system, people don't really vote for presidential candidates.    29   Each state has as many electors as the total number of its representatives in Congress. This equals two senators per state plus the number of its representatives in the House (which is based on the state's population) . The candidate who has the most votes in a state wins all of the state's electors. To win the presidential election, a candidate must gain at least 270 of the 538 total electoral votes.

Over the years, the U. S. has made a number of election reforms. Some early reforms outlawed cheating, giving bribes and threatening voters. ___30____

In November, Americans will again elect those who will represent them in government. Although some citizens aren't even registered to vote—and some registered voters don't bother to go to the polls—most Americans exercise their right to vote. They realize that their future is wrapped up in a special package—the ballot box. It's a package that must definitely be“handled with care”.

 

A. In 1971, the voting age was lowered to 18.

B. They felt the government of England didn't represent their interests.

C. Instead, voters cast their ballots for“electors”who support each candidate.

D. In America, elections are held every two years for members of Congress.

E. They also limited the amount of money candidates could receive from donors and spend on their campaigns.

F. That is an important concept in American history. 

Henry Manley's company was in deep trouble.

• A、True
  
  

• B、False
  
  

• C、Not Given
  
  

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How to Deal With Pressure?

With the current mood of global    41    (certain) and an ___42____ (economy) recession, people re likely to suffer from increased stress, depression and anxiety. These___43____(psychology) symptoms（症状）, in a new twist to the old saying of“mind over matter”, can lead to actual physical problems.

The mind and the body are ___44____ (integrate) system. It's like a web. If one part is    45    (disturb) , it will directly or indirectly, affect another part. Hence, psychological and emotional reactions will trigger physical responses.

When a person feels a threat to his well-being, the brain reacts by    46    (release) chemicals. or example, the adrenal gland (肾上腺) in the brain may release adrenaline (肾上腺素) which prepares the body to respond to physical threats. The brain's neuro-chemistry（神经化学） programs a person to react in one of the classic ways:fight, flight or fright.

Are you sleeping well?Are you eating well?Are you working or studying well?Any mental health problem would affect these three areas of behavior. Some people deal with stress and    47   (anxious) by turning to    48    (religious) , others by talking to friends and family. But are there other options?Exercise is a good outlet. Play a game. Go jogging. You will be ___49___ (concentrate) on doing something. There is a target to be___50____ (achieve) and will occupy your mind. Go Karaoke singing and dancing with friends. The worst thing to do is to sit at home and think.